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The telecommunications industry has been developed after the evolution of fibre optic communication. It also has its importance in the data networking community. Telecommunication links over longer distances have been enabled by using fibre optic cable with less loss in the transmission medium and with the help of fibre optic cable there has been an accommodation of higher data rates.
The above reasons are enough to make fibre optic communication systems to be used on a larger scale from major telecommunications backbone infrastructure to broadband distribution and general data networking.
Development of fibre optics
There has been an increase in the requirement of transmitting a huge amount of data at a rapid rate. At first, single line wires were used which then led to coaxial cables that helped to transfer bulky amount of data over the same cable.
They gained their popularity in the year 1960s after the discovery of the first lasers. In the year 1970s, the first optical fibres with a negligible loss of communication were developed. Then in the later part of the 1970s, a considerable amount of research was undertaken. The first optical fibre communication system has been resulted because of this. It used a wavelength of 0.5 which about 45 km long.
After this, there has been a considerable enhancement in this technology. The optical fibre performance has been enhanced to longer distances and apart from that data rates have been improved. The fibre optic system can attain a transmission speed of Tbps.
When the first fibre optic transmission systems were created it was considered to very costly to use but then it was very much cost-effective for lots of telecommunications applications. It is also used in lots of places where speedy data transfer is required.
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Advantages of fibre optics for communications
There are lots of reasons to adopt fibre optic cabling:
- Reduced levels of signal attenuation
- A much higher bandwidth allowing more data to be delivered
- They are lighter in weight when compared to coaxial cables.
- There is no stray interference pickup that suffers from fibre optics which happens because of coaxial cabling.
Fibre optic transmission system
There are lots of different elements present in a single data transmission of the fibre optic system. Let us see the three major elements and an important one for practical systems:
- Transmitter (light source)
- fibre optic cable
- Optical repeater
- Receiver (Detector)